Corrosion Of Reinforcement In Concrete

This book compiles the full papers presented in the successful session "Corrosion of Steel in Concrete" at EUROCORR '97. It highlights the areas of technical development in this field, including monitoring of steel reinforcement corrosion, prevention of corrosion and electrochemical repair methods.

Reinforced concrete has the potential to be very durable and capable of withstanding a variety of adverse environmental conditions. However, failures in the structures do still occur as a result of premature reinforcement corrosion. In this authoritative book the fundamental aspects of this complex process are analysed; focusing on corrosion of the reinforcing steel, and looking particularly, at new scientific and technological developments. Monitoring techniques, including the newly developed online-monitoring, are examined, as well as the numerical methods used to simulate corrosion and perform parameter studies. The influence of composition and microstructure of concrete on corrosion behaviour is explored. The second half of the book, which deals with corrosion prevention methods, starts with a discussion on stainless steels as reinforcement materials. There are comprehensive reviews of the use of surface treatments and coatings, of the application of corrosion inhibitors and of the application of electrochemical techniques. In each case the necessary scientific fundamentals are explained and practical instances of use are looked at. This is an invaluable guide for engineers, materials scientists and researchers in the field of structural concrete. Fundamental aspects of corrosion in concrete are analysed in detail Explores how to minimise the effects of corrosion in concrete Invaluable guide for engineers, materials scientists and researchers in the field of structural concrete

The results of research into, and application of, various prevention, protection and remedial methods are discussed, together with aspects of the understanding of the mechanisms of the processes that are involved.

It has long been recognised that corrosion of steel is extremely costly and affects many industry sectors, including concrete construction. The cost of corrosion of steel reinforcement within concrete is estimated at many billions of dollars worldwide. The corrosion of steel reinforcement represents a deterioration of the steel which in turn detrimentally affects its performance and therefore that of the concrete element within which it has been cast. A great amount of work has been undertaken over the years concerning the prevention of corrosion of steel, including the application of coatings, which has included the study of the process of corrosion itself, the properties of reinforcing steels and their resistance to corrosion as well as the design of structures and the construction process. The objective of fib Bulletin 49 is to provide readers with an appreciation of the principles of corrosion of reinforcing steel embedded in concrete and to describe the behaviour of particular steels and their coatings as used to combat the effects of such corrosion. These include galvanised reinforcement, epoxy coated reinforcement, and stainless reinforcing steel. It also provides information on the relative costs of the materials and products which it covers. It does not deal with structure design or the process of construction or with the post-construction phase of structure management including repair. It is hoped that it will nevertheless increase the understanding of readers in the process of corrosion of reinforcing steels and the ability of key materials and processes to reduce its harmful effects.

This key book represents a compilation of the latest knowledge in this rapidly developing field, and highlights areas for further research.

"Reinforcement corrision is the most important cause of deterioration in reinforced concrete structutres today. By comparing the different repair methods which have been established during recent years and discussing their advantages and drawbacks, this guide details practical approaches to enable non-specialist investigators to carry out at least some initial investigation themselves and considers the problems of detailsed investigations in a way which even the most experienced consultations and their clients will find helpful." - back cover.

Steel-reinforced concrete is used ubiquitously as a building material due to its unique combination of the high compressive strength of concrete and the high tensile strength of steel. Therefore, reinforced concrete is an ideal composite material that is used for a wide range of applications in structural engineering such as buildings, bridges, tunnels, harbor quays, foundations, tanks and pipes. To ensure durability of these structures, however, measures must be taken to prevent, diagnose and, if necessary, repair damage to the material especially due to corrosion of the steel reinforcement. The book examines the different aspects of corrosion of steel in concrete, starting from basic and essential mechanisms of the phenomenon, moving up to practical consequences for designers, contractors and owners both for new and existing reinforced and prestressed concrete structures. It covers general aspects of corrosion and protection of reinforcement, forms of attack in the presence of carbonation and chlorides, problems of hydrogen embrittlement as well as techniques of diagnosis, monitoring and repair. This second edition updates the contents with recent findings on the different topics considered and bibliographic references, with particular attention to recent European standards. This book is a self-contained treatment for civil and construction engineers, material scientists, advanced students and architects concerned with the design and maintenance of reinforced concrete structures. Readers will benefit from the knowledge, tools, and methods needed to understand corrosion in reinforced concrete and how to prevent it or keep it within acceptable limits.

Reinforced concrete is the most widely used construction material in the world, and extended performance is rightly expected. Many structures are in aggressive environments, of critical importance and may be irreplaceable, so repair and protection are vital. This book surveys deterioration of concrete, particularly corrosion of the steel reinforcement, and the various chemical, biological, physical and mechanical causes of deterioration. It outlines condition survey and diagnosis techniques by on-site and laboratory measurements. It sets out mechanical methods of protection and repair, such as patching, inhibitors, coatings, penetrants and structural strengthening as well as cathodic protection and other electrochemical methods. This book also gives guidance on preventative measures including concrete technology and construction considerations, coatings and penetrants, alternate reinforcement, permanent corrosion monitoring and durability planning aspects. Asset managers, port engineers, bridge maintenance managers, building managers, heritage structure engineers, plant engineers, consulting engineers, architects, specialist contractors and construction material suppliers who have the task of resolving problems of corrosion of steel reinforced concrete elements will find this book an extremely useful resource. It will also be a valuable reference for students at postgraduate level. Authors The late Professor Brian Cherry of Monash University, Melbourne, Australia was one of the world’s leading corrosion science and engineering educators and researchers. Warren Green of Vinsi Partners, Sydney, Australia is a corrosion engineer and materials scientist. He is also an Adjunct Associate Professor.

This book examines the corrosion of reinforced concrete from a practical point of view, highlights protective design and repair procedures, and presents ongoing maintenance protocols. Updated throughout, this new edition adds additional information on concrete repair using Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers (CFRP), and reviews new examples of the effects of corrosion on both prestressed and reinforced concrete structures. It also examines economic analysis procedures and the probability of structural failures to define structural risk assessment, and covers precautions and recommendations for protecting reinforced concrete structures from corrosion based on the latest codes and specifications.

This book serves as an indispensable guide for engineers, scientists and researchers, exploring the fundamental aspects of corrosion in reinforced concrete. Its originality lies in the coupling between the reinforcement corrosion of reinforced concrete and its mechanical behavior.The authors describe the specific theoretical foundations of the corrosion of steel in concrete and its interactions with the structural aspects, including service cracking and defects in the placement of concrete. The book contains a study of the mechanisms of degradation of the mechanical behavior of reinforcements and the reinforced concrete composite, such as reduction of ductility, bearing capacity, redistribution of efforts by formation of plastic hinges and increase in the beam deflection in service. A diagnostic method based on corrosion-induced crack detection is presented in the book, and then paired with a recalculation method which allows us to predict the different aspects of the residual mechanical behavior. Several end-of-life ELS and ELU criteria are described, and the authors propose an approach to estimate the residual lifetime. Finally, the book presents the cathodic protection that allows the progression of corrosion to be contained within the corroded structures. As well as academics, this book is aimed at civil engineers who are faced with the issue of corrosion in aging structures. Explores corrosion in concrete Examines the influence of pre-cracks on corrosion Discusses corrosion diagnostics and corrosion-induced cracks Presents residual mechanical properties of corroded structures: effect of corrosion on steel behavior, load-bearing capacity, yielding capacity, deflection of corroded beams and the effect of corrosion on bond Provides repair and maintenance considerations: cathodic protection and carbon fiber reinforced polymer used to strengthen and restore bearing capacity

This volume in the European Federation of Corrosion series brings together the full papers presented in the successful session "Corrosion of Steel in Concrete" at EUROCORR '99 held in Aachen, Germany. The papers, grouped under the two headings "Corrosion Mechanisms and Corrosion Measurements" and "Corrosion Protection of Reinforced Concrete Structures" provide a bridge between theory and practice and will be of value to both scientists and engineers.

Reinforced concrete structures corrode as they age, with significant financial implications, but it is not immediately clear why some are more durable than others. This book looks at the mechanisms for corrosion and how corrosion engineering can be used for these problems to be minimized in future projects. Several different examples of reinforced concrete structures with corrosion problems are described and the various life enhancement solutions considered and applied are discussed. The book includes a chapter on the effectiveness of corrosion monitoring techniques and questions why the reality is at odds with current theory and standards. Specialist contractors, consultants and owners of corrosion damaged structures will find this an extremely useful resource. It will also be a valuable reference for students at postgraduate level.

Corrosion of Steel in Concrete provides information on corrosion of steel in atmospherically exposed concrete structures and serves as a guide for those designing, constructing and maintaining buildings, bridges and all reinforced concrete structures. This new edition incorporates the new European standards as well as USA and other international standards. It also covers developments in galvanic and impressed current cathodic protection, new electrochemical techniques such as electro-osmosis, and stainless steel clad reinforcing bars. The corrosion of reinforcing steel in concrete is a major problem facing civil engineers and surveyors throughout the world today. There will always be a need to build structures in corrosive environments and it is therefore essential to address the problems that result. This is a book to educates about and forms a guide to the problems of corrosion, its causes and how to find solutions.

Given the widespread use of reinforced concrete in infrastructure, understanding the corrosion of this material is of major importance. As a result there has been a wealth of research into catalysts, inhibitors and effective means of monitoring the rate of corrosion. Corrosion of reinforcement in concrete: mechanisms, monitoring, inhibitors and rehabilitation techniques summarises some of the most significant research and its implications. The book begins by reviewing findings from various experiments designed to test the corrosion rate of metals induced by a range of factors. Later chapters discuss techniques for monitoring and testing for corrosion. The book concludes by assessing important methods of prevention, including corrosion inhibitors, protective coatings and electrochemical methods for protection, together with rehabilitation procedures for susceptible structures. Filled with practical examples and written by a distinguished team of international contributors, Corrosion of reinforcement in concrete: mechanisms, monitoring, inhibitors and rehabilitation techniques is an essential reference for civil engineers using reinforced concrete. Summarises research into catalysts, inhibitors and effective means of monitoring the rate of corrosion Concludes by assessing important methods of prevention